Formy słabe w języku angielskim – formy nieakcentowane, występujące najczęściej w złożeniach czasownik + not, zaimek osobowy + czasownik posiłkowy lub modalny.
Czasownik z przeczeniem not Czasowniki posiłkowe To be
are + not → aren't /ɑːnt/ is + not → isn't /ɪzənt/ was + not → wasn't /ˈwɒzənt/ were + not → weren't /wɜːnt/
To have have + not → haven't /hævnt/ has + not → hasn't /ˈhævənt/ had + not → hadn't /ˈhædənt/
To do do + not → don't /dəʊnt/ does + not → doesn't /ˈdʌzənt/ did + not → didn't /dɪdənt/
Czasowniki modalne
will + not → won't /wəʊnt/ shall + not → shan't /ʃɑːnt/ can + not → can't /kɑːnt/ must + not → mustn't /ˈmʌsənt/ may + not → mayn't /ˈmeɪənt/ forma bardzo rzadka would + not → wouldn't /ˈwʊdənt/ should + not → shouldn't /ʃʊdənt/ might + not → mightn't /ˈmaɪtənt/ ought (to) + not → oughtn't /ˈɔːtənt/ dare + not → daren't /deənt/ used + not → usedn't /juːsənt/ need + not → needn't /niːdənt/
Zaimek + czasownik to be I + am → I'm /aɪm/ you + are → you're /jə/ he + is → he's /his/ she + is → she's /ʃiz/ it + is → it's /ɪts/ we + are → we're /wɪə/ they + are → they're /ðeə/ there + is → there's /ðeəz/
have I + have → I've /aɪv/ you + have → you've /juːv/ he + has → he's /hiz/ she + has → she's /ʃiz/ it + has → it's /ɪts/ we + have → we've /wiːv/ they + have → they've /ðeɪv/ there + has → there's /ðeəz/
I + had → I'd /aɪd/ you + had → you'd /juːd/ he + had → he'd /hiːd/ she + had → she'd /ʃiːd/ we + had → we'd /wiːd/ they + had → they'd /ðeɪd/ there + had → there'd /ðeəd/
Czasowniki modalne will, shall I + will/shall → I'll /aɪl/ you + will/shall → you'll /juːl/ he + will/shall → he'll /hiːl/ she + will/shall → she'll /ʃiːl/ it + will/shall → it'll /ɪtl/ we + will/shall → we'll /wiːl/ they + will/shall → they'll /ðeɪl/ there + will/shall → there'll /ðeəl/
would I + would → I'd /aɪd/ you + would → you'd /juːd/ he + would → he'd /hiːd/ she + would → she'd /ʃiːd/ we + would → we'd /wiːd/ they + would → they'd /ðeɪd/ there + would → there'd /ðeəd/
Inne let + us → let's /lets/ you + all → y’all /jɑl/
W bardzo potocznej angielszczyźnie formy czasowników be, have + not mogą przyjmować formę ain't /eɪnt/.
Przypisy
Kategoria:Gramatyka języka angielskiego język angielski