アメリカン・ブック・アワード（The American Book Award）は、アメリカ合衆国の文学賞で、毎年「卓越した文学的業績」をあげた作品及び作家に対して授与される。2010年の賞プレスリリースによると、これは「作家に対し他の作家が与える」もので、「分野も、候補者もなく、従って敗者もいない」"For Immediate Release:" (August 5, 2010). Before Columbus Foundation. Retrieved February 17, 2012. 。
1978年に創設され1980年から授与されているこの賞は、多文化に注目する非営利のが運営している。賞は人種、性別、民族的背景、ジャンルの制限なく優れたアメリカ文学を懸賞している。これまでの受賞者には、小説家、社会科学者、哲学者、詩人、そして歴史家の、トニ・モリスン、エドワード・サイード、マッケンジー・スコット、イサベル・アジェンデ、ベル・フックス、ドン・デリーロ、、、、などがいる。
全米図書賞 1980年に、本賞とは無関係の全米図書賞（National Book Awards）が、アメリカン・ブック・アワード（American Book Awards）と改名したが、1987年に元の全米図書賞に戻っている"History Of The National Book Awards". National Book Foundation. Retrieved February 17, 2012.。この7年間、同じ名称であったこと以外、両者に関係は無い。
受賞者 1980年代 1980年 for Future Preconditional: A Collection for Hello, La Jolla for Mouth on Paper レスリー・マーモン・シルコウ for 『』 for Random Possession for All I Asking for Is My Body for Snake Back Solos for Tortuga, a novel
1981年 for Shameless Hussy for Songs for Jadina for Scent of Apples: A Collection of Stories for Turn Again to Me & Other Poems Lionel Mitchell for Traveling Light for On Call for Felita for Back Then Tomorrow for The Time of Voice: Poems 1994–1996 Rose Drachler for The Choice for The Liberties for The Salt Eaters
1982年 Al Young for Bodies and Soul Duane Niatum for Songs for the Harvester of Dreams: Poems E. L. Mayo for Collected Poems E L Mayo Frank Chin for The Chickencoop Chinaman and The Year of the Dragon Hilton Obenzinger for This Passover or the next, I will never be in Jerusalem Him Mark Lai, Genny Lim, Judy Yung for Island: Poetry and History of Chinese Immigrants on Angel Island, 1910–1940 Jerome Rothenberg for Pre-Faces and Other Writings Joyce Carol Thomas for Marked by Fire Leroy Quintana for Paper Dance: 55 Latino Poets Lorna Dee Cervantes for Emplumada Ronald Phillip Tanaka for The Shino Suite: Japanese-American Poetry Russell Banks for Book of Jamaica Tato Laviera for Enclave
1983年 Barbara Christian for Black Women Novelists: The Development of a Tradition, 1892–1976 Cecilia Liang for Chinese Folk Poetry Evangelina Vigil-Piñón for Thirty: An' Seen a Lot Harriet Rohmer for Legend of Food Mountain: LA Montana Del Alimento James D. Houston for Californians: Searching for the Golden State Jessica Tarahata Hagedorn for Pet food & tropical apparitions John A. Williams for Click Song, a novel Joy Kogawa for Obasan Judy Grahn for The Queen of Wands: Poetry Nash Candelaria for Not by the Sword Peter Guralnick for Lost Highway: Journeys and Arrivals of American Musicians Seán Ó Tuama for An Duanaire Sixteen Hundred to Nineteen Hundred: Poems of the Dispossessed
1984年 Cecil Brown for Days Without Weather Gary Snyder for Axe Handles: Poems Howard Schwartz, Mark Podwal for The Captive Soul of the Messiah: New Tales About Reb Nachman Imamu Amiri Baraka for Anthology of African American Women: Confirmation Men Jesús Colón for A Puerto Rican in New York, and Other Sketches Joseph Bruchac for Breaking Silence: An Anthology of Contemporary Asian-American Poets Maurice Kenny for The Mama Poems Mei-mei Berssenbrugge for The heat bird ミネ・オオクボ、『』 Paule Marshall for Praisesong for the Widow Ruthanne Lum McCunn, You-shan Tang, Ellen Lai-shan Yeung for Pie-Biter Thomas McGrath for Echoes inside the labyrinth Venkatesh Kulkarni for Naked in Deccan William J. Kennedy for O Albany!
1985年 Angela Jackson for Solo in the Box Car Third Floor E Arnold Genthe, John Kuo Wei Tchen for Genthe's Photographs of San Francisco's Old Chinatown Colleen J. McElroy for Queen of the Ebony Isles Gary Soto for Living Up The Street Peter Irons for Justice at War Keiho Soga, Taisanboku Mori, Sojin Takei, Muin Ozaki for Poets Behind Barbed Wire Louise Erdrich for Love Medicine, a novel Maureen Owen for Amelia Earhart May Sarton for At Seventy: A Journal Robert Edward Duncan for Ground Work: Before the War Ron Jones for Say Ray Sandra Cisneros for The House on Mango Street Sonia Sanchez for Homegirls and Handgrenades Julia Vinograd for The Book of Jerusalem William Oandasan for Round Valley Songs
1986年 Anna Lee Walters for The Sun Is Not Merciful: Short Stories Cherríe Moraga, Gloria Anzaldúa for This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color Helen Barolini for The Dream Book: An Anthology of Writing by Italian American Women Jeff Hannusch for I Hear You Knockin : The Sound of New Orleans Rhythm and Blues Linda Hogan for Seeing Through the Sun Miguel Algarín for Time's Now/Ya Es Tiempo Natasha Borovsky for A Daughter of the Nobility Raymond Federman for Smiles on Washington Square: A Love Story of Sorts Susan Howe for My Emily Dickinson Terence Winch for Irish Musicians/American Friends トシオ・モリ for Yokohama, California
1987年 Ai for SIN Ana Castillo for The Mixquiahuala Letters Cyn Zarco for Cir'cum.nav'i.ga'tion Daniel McGuire for Portrait of Little Boy in darkness Dorothy Bryant for Confessions of Madame Psyche: Memoirs and Letters of Mei-Li Murrow Etheridge Knight for The Essential Etheridge Knight ゲイリー・ギディンス for Celebrating Bird: The Triumph Of Charlie Parker Harvey Pekar for The New American Splendor Anthology: From Off the Streets of Cleveland James Welch for Fools Crow John Wieners for Selected Poems: 1958–1984 Juan Felipe Herrera for Face Games Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum for liberazione della donna: feminism in Italy Michael Mayo for Practicing Angels: A Contemporary Anthology of San Francisco Bay Area Poetry Septima Poinsette Clark, Cynthia Stokes Brown for Ready from Within: A First Person Narrative Terry McMillan for Mama
1988年 Allison Blakely for Russia and the Negro: Blacks in Russian History and Thought Charles Olson for The Collected Poems of Charles Olson: Excluding the Maximus Poems Daisy Bates for The Long Shadow of Little Rock: A Memoir David Halberstam for The Reckoning Edward Sanders for Thirsting for Peace in a Raging Century: Poems 1961–1985 Gerald Vizenor for Griever: An American Monkey King in China Jimmy Santiago Baca for Martin & Meditations on the South Valley Kesho Y. Scott, Cherry Muhanji, Egyirba High for Tight Spaces Marlon K. Hom for Songs of Gold Mountain: Cantonese Rhymes from San Francisco Chinatown Benjamin Hoff for The Singing Creek Where the Willows Grow: The Mystical Nature Diary of Opal Whiteley Ronald Sukenick for Down and in: Life in the Underground Salvatore La Puma for The Boys of Bensonhurst トニ・モリスン for Beloved Wing Tek Lum, Tek Lum Lum for Expounding the Doubtful Points
1989年 Alma Luz Villanueva for The Ultraviolet Sky Askia M. Touré for From the Pyramids to the Projects: Poems of Genocide and Resistance! オードリー・ロード for A Burst of Light Carolyn Lau for Wode Shuofa: My Way of Speaking Emory Elliott for Columbia Literary History of the United States エドゥアルド・ガレアーノ for Genesis Frank Chin for The Chinaman Pacific and Frisco R.R. Co. ヘンリー・ルイス・ゲイツ・ジュニア for The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of Afro-American Literary Criticism イサベル・アジェンデ for Eva Luna J. California Cooper for Homemade Love Jennifer Stone for Stone's Throw Josephine Gattuso Hendin for The Right Thing to Do Leslie Scalapino for way 谷川俊太郎 for Floating the River in Melancholy Charles Fanning for The Exiles of Erin: Nineteenth-Century Irish-American Fiction William Minoru Hohri for Repairing America: An Account of the Movement for Japanese American Redress
1990年代 1990年 Adrienne Kennedy for People Who Led to My Plays Barbara Grizzuti Harrison for Italian Days Daniela Gioseffi for Women on War (Essential Voices for the Nuclear Age) Elizabeth Woody for Hand into Stone: Poems Hualing Nieh for Mulberry and Peach: Two Women of China Itabari Njeri for Every Good-Bye Ain't Gone James M. Freeman for Hearts of Sorrow: Vietnamese-American Lives John C. Walter, J. Raymond Jones for The Harlem Fox: J. Raymond Jones and Tammany, 1920–1970 John Norton for Light at the End of the Bog José Emilio González for Vivar a Hostos Sergei Kan for Symbolic Immortality: The Tlingit Potlatch of the Nineteenth Century Lloyd A. Thompson for Romans and Blacks Martin Bernal for Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization Michelle T. Clinton, Sesshu Foster for Invocation L.A.: Urban Multicultural Poetry Miles Davis for Miles: The Autobiography Paula Gunn Allen for Spider Woman's Granddaughters: Traditional Tales and Contemporary Writing by Native American Women Shirley Geok-lin Lim, Mayumi Tsutakawa, Margarita Donnelly for The Forbidden Stitch: An Asian American Women's Anthology
1991年 Alejandro Murguía for Southern Front bell hooks for Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics Bruce Wright for Black Robes, White Justice: Why Our Legal System Doesn't Work for Blacks Charley Trujillo for Soldados: Chicanos in Viet Nam D. H. Melhem for Heroism in the New Black Poetry: Introductions & Interviews Deborah Keenan for Looking for Home: Women Writing About Exile Jessica Hagedorn for Dogeaters John Edgar Wideman for Philadelphia Fire, a novel Joy Harjo for In Mad Love and War Karen Tei Yamashita for Through the Arc of the Rain Forest Lucia Berlin for Homesick: New and Selected Stories Mary Crow Dog for Lakota Woman Meridel Le Sueur for Harvest Song: Collected Essays and Stories Mill Hunk Herald Collective for Overtime: Punchin' Out With the Mill Hunk Herald Magazine Nora Marks Dauenhauer, Richard Dauenhauer for Haa Tuwunaagu Yis, for Healing Our Spirit: Tlingit Oratory R. Baxter Miller for The Art and Imagination of Langston Hughes Thomas Centolella for Terra Firma
1992年 A'Lelia Perry Bundles for Madam C.J. Walker Art Spiegelman for The Complete Maus: A Survivor's Tale Benjamin Alire Sáenz for Calendar of Dust Donna J. Haraway for Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature Fritjof Capra for Belonging to the universe: Explorations on the frontiers of science and spirituality José Antonio Burciaga for Undocumented Love/Amor Indocumentado: A Personal Anthology of Poetry Keith Gilyard for Voices of the Self: A Study of Language Competence Lucy Thompson for To the American Indian: Reminiscences of a Yurok Woman Norma Field for In the Realm of a Dying Emperor: Japan at Century's End Peter Bacho for Cebu Peter Kalifornsky for Dena'ina Legacy: K'tl'egh'i Sukdu: The Collected Writings of Peter Kalifornsky Raymond Andrews for Jessie and Jesus and Cousin Claire Sandra Scofield for Beyond Deserving Sheila Hamanaka for Journey Stephen R. Fox for The Unknown Internment: An Oral History of the Relocation of Italian Americans During World War II Steven R. Carter for Hansberry's Drama: Commitment Amid Complexity, Verlyn Klinkenborg for The Last Fine Time William B. Branch, Amiri Baraka, August Wilson for Black Thunder: An Anthology of African-American Drama
1993年 Asake Bomani, Belvie Rooks for Paris Connections: African American Artists in Paris Christopher Mogil, Peter Woodrow for We Gave Away a Fortune Cornel West for Prophetic Thought in Postmodern Times Denise Giardina for Unquiet Earth Diane Glancy for Claiming Breath Eugene B. Redmond for The Eye in the Ceiling Francisco X. Alarcón for Snake Poems Gerald Graff for Beyond the Culture Wars: How Teaching the Conflicts Can Revitalize American Education Jack Beatty for The Rascal King: The Life and Times of James Michael Curley Leroy V. Quintana for The History of Home Katherine Peter for Neets'aii Gwiindaii: Living in the Chandalar Country Nelson George for Elevating the Game: Black Men and Basketball Ninotchka Rosca for Twice Blessed, a novel
1994年 Giose Rimanelli for Benedetta in Guysterland Eric Drooker for Flood!: A Novel in Pictures Graciela Limón for In Search of Bernabe Gregory J. Reed for Economic Empowerment Through the Church Janet Campbell Hale for Bloodlines: Odyssey of a Native Daughter Jill Nelson for Volunteer Slavery: My Authentic Negro Experience Lawson Fusao Inada for Legends from Camp Nicole Blackman for Aloud: Voices from the Nuyorican Poets Cafe