250px|right|thumb|Iriatherina werneri 250px|right|thumb|Glossolepis incisus 250px|right|thumb|Melanotaenia lacustris Melanotaeniidae é uma família de peixes de água doce. São peixes coloridos e de pequenas dimensões, que podem ser encontrados no Norte e Leste da Austrália e Nova Guiné e nas ilhas do Sudeste asiático.
Esta família derivao seu nome do género Melanotaenia, que em língua grega pode ser decomposto em Melano (= preto) e taenia (= bandeado), significando "de bandas pretas", uma alusão a bandas desta cor que percorrem o corpo dos peixes do género Melanotaenia.
São populares em aquariofilia. As populações selvagens destes peixes têm sido afectadas pela espécie Gambusia holbrooki, que é altamente agressiva.
Espécies A familia Melanotaeniidae é composta por 67 espécies, dividivas entre 7 géneros: FishBase lists 71 species in seven genera: Genus Cairnsichthys Cairns rainbowfish, Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides (Nichols & Raven, 1928). Genus Chilatherina Chilatherina alleni Price, 1997. Axelrod's rainbowfish, Chilatherina axelrodi Allen, 1979. Bleher's rainbowfish, Chilatherina bleheri Allen, 1985. Bulolo rainbowfish, Chilatherina bulolo (Whitley, 1938). Highlands rainbowfish, Chilatherina campsi (Whitley, 1957). Silver rainbowfish, Chilatherina crassispinosa (Weber, 1913). Barred rainbowfish, Chilatherina fasciata (Weber, 1913). Lorentz's rainbowfish, Chilatherina lorentzii (Weber, 1907). Chilatherina pricei Allen & Renyaan, 1996. Sentani rainbowfish, Chilatherina sentaniensis (Weber, 1907). Genus Glossolepis Glossolepis dorityi Allen, 2001. Red rainbowfish, Glossolepis incisus Weber, 1907. Leggett's rainbowfish, Glossolepis leggetti Allen & Renyaan, 1998. Spotted rainbowfish, Glossolepis maculosus Allen, 1981. Sepik rainbowfish, Glossolepis multisquamata (Weber & de Beaufort, 1922). Tami River rainbowfish, Glossolepis pseudoincisus Allen & Cross, 1980. Ramu rainbowfish, Glossolepis ramuensis Allen, 1985. Lake Wanam rainbowfish, Glossolepis wanamensis Allen & Kailola, 1979. Genus Iriatherina Threadfin rainbowfish, Iriatherina werneri Meinken, 1974. Genus Melanotaenia New Guinea rainbowfish, Melanotaenia affinis (Weber, 1907). Ajamaru Lakes rainbowfish, Melanotaenia ajamaruensis Allen & Cross, 1980. Yakati rainbowfish, Melanotaenia angfa Allen, 1990. Arfak rainbowfish, Melanotaenia arfakensis Allen, 1990. Western rainbowfish, Melanotaenia australis (Castelnau, 1875). Batanta rainbowfish, Melanotaenia batanta Allen & Renyaan, 1998. Boeseman's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia boesemani Allen & Cross, 1980. Blue rainbowfish, Melanotaenia caerulea Allen, 1996. Waigeo rainbowfish, Melanotaenia catherinae (de Beaufort, 1910). Corona rainbowfish, Melanotaenia corona Allen, 1982. Duboulay's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia duboulayi (Castelnau, 1878). Lake Eacham rainbowfish, Melanotaenia eachamensis Allen & Cross, 1982. Exquisite rainbowfish, Melanotaenia exquisita Allen, 1978. Melanotaenia fluviatilis (Castelnau, 1878). Sorong rainbowfish, Melanotaenia fredericki (Fowler, 1939). Goldie River rainbowfish, Melanotaenia goldiei (Macleay, 1883). Slender rainbowfish, Melanotaenia gracilis Allen, 1978. Lake Tebera rainbowfish, Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi Allen, 1981. Irian Jaya rainbowfish, Melanotaenia irianjaya Allen, 1985. Strickland rainbowfish, Melanotaenia iris Allen, 1987. Yapen rainbowfish, Melanotaenia japenensis Allen & Cross, 1980. Kamaka rainbowfish, Melanotaenia kamaka Allen & Renyaan, 1996. Lake Kutubu rainbowfish, Melanotaenia lacustris Munro, 1964. Lakamora rainbowfish, Melanotaenia lakamora Allen & Renyaan, 1996. Macculloch's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia maccullochi Ogilby, 1915. Mayland's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia maylandi Allen, 1983. Misool rainbowfish, Melanotaenia misoolensis Allen, 1982. Mountain rainbowfish, Melanotaenia monticola Allen, 1980. Mubi rainbowfish, Melanotaenia mubiensis Allen, 1996. Black-banded rainbowfish, Melanotaenia nigrans (Richardson, 1843). Ogilby's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia ogilbyi Weber, 1910. Oktedi rainbowfish, Melanotaenia oktediensis Allen & Cross, 1980. Papuan rainbowfish, Melanotaenia papuae Allen, 1981. Parkinson's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia parkinsoni Allen, 1980. Lake Kuromai rainbowfish, Melanotaenia parva Allen, 1990. Pierucci's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia pierucciae Allen & Renyaan, 1996. Pima River rainbowfish, Melanotaenia pimaensis Allen, 1981. Dwarf rainbowfish, Melanotaenia praecox (Weber & de Beaufort, 1922). Pygmy rainbowfish, Melanotaenia pygmaea Allen, 1978. Red-finned rainbowfish, Melanotaenia rubripinnis Allen & Renyaan, 1998. Fly River rainbowfish, Melanotaenia sexlineata (Munro, 1964). Checkered rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida inornata (Castelnau, 1875). Red-striped rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida rubrostriata (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886). Eastern rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida splendida (Peters, 1866). Desert rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida tatei (Zietz, 1896). Melanotaenia sylvatica Allen, 1997. Banded rainbowfish, Melanotaenia trifasciata (Rendahl, 1922). Melanotaenia utcheensis McGuigan, 2001. Van Heurn's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia vanheurni (Weber & de Beaufort, 1922). Genus Pelangia Pelangia mbutaensis Allen, 1998. Genus Rhadinocentrus Ornate rainbowfish, Rhadinocentrus ornatus Regan, 1914.
Ligações externas Home of the Rainbowfish Rainbowfish.info ANGFA
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