O sistema de classificação de gimnospérmicas extantes de Christenhusz et al. (Christenhusz et al., 2011) considera os quatro grupos de gimnospérmicas actuais como subclasses da classe Equisetopsida (= plantas terrestres) (Chase & Reveal, 2009). Os autores reconhecem que as gimnospérmicas extantes são monofiléticas mas devido ao facto que as relações de parentesco com os diversos grupos de gimnospérmicas fósseis são pouco claras, não atribuem ao conjunto um nome formal.
Classificação O seguinte esquema mostra as ordens, famílias e géneros incluídos em cada uma das quatro subclasses. I. Cycadidae Cycadales Cycadaceae Cycas. Zamiaceae Bowenia, Ceratozamia, Dioon, Encephalartos, Lepidozamia, Macrozamia, Microcycas, Stangeria, Zamia. II. Ginkgoidae Ginkgoales Ginkgoaceae Ginkgo. III. Gnetidae Welwitschiales Welwitschiaceae Welwitschia. Gnetales Gnetaceae Gnetum. Ephedrales Ephedraceae Ephedra. IV. Pinidae (coníferas) Pinales Pinaceae Abies, Cathaya, Cedrus, Keteleeria, Larix, Nothotsuga, Picea, Pinus, Pseudolarix, Pseudotsuga, Tsuga. Araucariales Araucariaceae Agathis, Araucaria, Wollemia. Podocarpaceae Acmopyle, Afrocarpus, Dacrycarpus, Dacrydium, Falcatifolium, Halocarpus, Lagarostrobos, Lepidothamnus, Manoao, Microcachrys, Nageia, Parasitaxus, Pherosphaera, Phyllocladus, Podocarpus, Prumnopitys, Retrophyllum, Saxegothaea, Sundacarpus. Cupressales Sciadopityaceae Sciadopitys. Cupressaceae Actinostrobus, Athrotaxis, Austrocedrus, Callitris, Calocedrus, Chamaecyparis, Cryptomeria, Cunninghamia, Cupressus, Diselma, Fitzroya, Fokienia, Glyptostrobus, Juniperus, Libocedrus, Metasequoia, Microbiota, Neocallitropsis, Papuacedrus, Pilgerodendron, Platycladus, Sequoia, Sequoiadendron, Taiwania, Taxodium, Tetraclinis, Thuja, Thujopsis, Widdringtonia. Taxaceae Amentotaxus, Austrotaxus, Cephalotaxus, Pseudotaxus, Taxus, Torreya.
Sinonímias Em Christenhusz et al. (2011), aparece a sinonímia de todos os táxones citados. De seguida apresenta-se a sinonímia correspondente aos géneros. Abietia A.H.Kent = Pseudotsuga Abutua Lour. = Gnetum Americus Hanford = Sequoiadendron Apinus Neck. ex Rydb. = Pinus Arceuthos Antoine & Kotschy = Juniperus Aulacophyllum Regel = Zamia Belis Salisb. = Cunninghamia Biota (D.Don) Endl. = Platycladus Botryopitys Doweld = Prumnopitys Bracteocarpus A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Dacrycarpus Brownetera Rich. ex Tratt. = Phyllocladus Callitropsis Compton = Neocallitropsis Callitropsis Oerst. = Cupressus Caryopitys Small = Pinus Caryotaxus Zucc. ex Henkel & Hochst. = Torreya Catakidozamia W.Hill = Lepidozamia Cedrus Duhamel = Juniperus Chaetocladus J.Nelson = Ephedra Chigua D.W.Stev. = Zamia Chrysolarix H.E.Moore = Pseudolarix Columbea Salisb. = Araucaria Corneria A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Dacrydium Cuprespinnata J.Nelson = Taxodium Cupresstellata J.Nelson = Fitzroya Cyparissia Hoffmanns. = Callitris Dammara Link = Agathis Decussocarpus de Laub. = Retrophyllum Dolophyllum Salisb. = Thujopsis Dombeya Lam. = Araucaria Ducampopinus A.Chev. = Pinus Dyerocycas Nakai = Cycas Epicycas de Laub. = Cycas Eutacta Link = Araucaria Eutassa Salisb. = Araucaria Foetataxus J.Nelson = Torreya Frenela Mirb. = Callitris Gaussenia A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Dacrydium Gnemon [Rumpf ex] Kuntze = Gnetum Hesperocyparis Bartel & R.A.Price = Cupressus Hesperopeuce (Engelm.) Lemmon = Tsuga Heyderia C.Koch = Calocedrus Jacularia Raf. = Cunninghamia Laechhardtia Gordon = Callitris Laricopsis A.H.Kent = Pseudolarix Laubenfelsia A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Dacrycarpus Leucopitys Nieuwl. = Pinus Margbensonia A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Podocarpus Marywildea A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Araucaria Metadacrydium M.G.Baum.-Bod. ex Melikian & A.V.Bobrov = Dacrydium Microstrobos J.Garden & L.A.S.Johnson = Pherosphaera Neocupressus de Laub. = Cupressus Nothocallitris A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Callitris Octoclinis F.Muell. = Callitris Pachylepis Brongn. = Widdringtonia Palma-Filix Adans. = Zamia Palmifolium Kuntze = Zamia Parolinia Endl. = Widdringtonia Picea D.Don ex Loud. = Abies Pinea Wolf = Pinus Platycyparis A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Cupressus Platyzamia Zucc. = Dioon Podocarpus Labill. = Phyllocladus Pterophyllus J.Nelson = Ginkgo Quadrifaria Manetti ex Gordon = Araucaria Raxopitys J.Nelson = Cunninghamia Retinispora Siebold & Zucc. = Chamaecyparis Sabina Mill. = Juniperus Sabinella Nakai = Juniperus Salisburia Sm. = Ginkgo Salisburyodendron A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Agathis Schubertia Mirb. = Taxodium Shishindenia Makino ex Koidz. = Chamaecyparis Squamataxus J.Nelson = Saxegothaea Stachycarpus (Endl.) Tiegh. = Prumnopitys Stachypitys A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Prumnopitys Stegocedrus Doweld = Libocedrus Strobus (Sweet ex Spach) Opiz = Pinus Struvea Rchb. = Torreya Tassilicyparis A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Cupressus Thalamia Spreng. = Phyllocladus Thoa Aubl. = Gnetum Thujiaecarpus Trautv. = Juniperus Thya Adans. = Thuja Titanodendron A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Araucaria Todda-Pana Adans. = Cycas Tumboa Welw. = Welwitschia Tumion Raf. = Torreya Van-Tieghemia A.V.Bobrov & Melikian = Prumnopitys Veitchia Lindl. = Picea? Washingtonia Winslow = Sequoiadendron Wellingtonia Lindl. = Sequoiadendron Xanthocyparis Farjon & T.H.Nguyên = Cupressus
Ver também Gimnospérmicas
Referências Christenhusz, M.J.M. et al. (2011-02-18) A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms. Phytotaxa 19: 55–70. Chase, M.W. & Reveal, J.L. (2009) A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161: 122–127.
Categoria:Sistemas de taxonomia vegetal Categoria:Gimnospermas