A Medalha John Scott (), criada em 1816, é uma medalha concedida a homens e mulheres cujas invenções melhoraram o "conforto, bem-estar e felicidade da espécie humana" de forma significativa. "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...". Desde 1919 o Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia fornece a medalha, recomendada por um comitê consultivo. Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee.
Em 1822 as primeiras medalhas foram dadas a treze pessoas da Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture gerida pelo Philadelphia City Council.
O farmacêutico John Scott de Edinburgh organizou um fundo de US$ 4.000 que, após sua morte em 1815 foi administrado por um comerciante até a primeira premiação em 1822, uma medalha de cobre e "uma quantia não excedendo vinte dólares". Na época, com esta quantia era possível comprar um boi ou uma enciclopédia de doze volumes. Centenas de pessoas já receberam a medalha do Philadelphia City Council, que decide a partir da lista anual de nominados elaborada pelo Instituto Franklin.
A maior parte das medalhas foram dadas a invenções em ciências e medicina. Dentre famosos recipientes estão: Marie Curie, Thomas Edison, os Irmãos Wright, Nikola Tesla, Edwin Land, Jonas Salk, Irving Langmuir, Benoît Mandelbrot, Robert Burns Woodward, Glenn Theodore Seaborg, Edgar Sharp McFadden, Frederick Banting, Humberto Fernández Morán, Luis Walter Alvarez, Guglielmo Marconi, William T. Bovie, John Bardeen, Kary Mullis, Alexander Fleming, Lyle Goodhue, Ralph Lawrence Brinster e Richard Smalley.
Em 2010 a medalha foi concedida a Christian James Lambertsen.
Em 2013 a medalha foi concedida ao bioquímico e biofísico Peter Leslie Dutton e a dois médicos pesquisadores de defeitos de nascimento, N. Scott Adzick e Robert L. Brent.
Recipientes
1856: William Chauvenet 1858: James Francis 1874: Frank Stephen Baldwin 1874: George Westinghouse 1875: Christopher Sholes 1883: Pratt & Whitney 1886: Pratt & Whitney 1887: Frederic Eugene Ives 1889: Thomas Edison 1889: Elihu Thomson 1889: Ottmar Mergenthaler 1889: Richard Leach Maddox 1889: Carl Roman Abt 1890: Frederic Eugene Ives 1890: Theophilus Van Kannel 1891: Elihu Thomson 1891: Robert Hadfield 1891: Ottmar Mergenthaler 1892: Ephraim Shay 1894: Edward Goodrich Acheson 1895: Charles Frederick Cross 1897: Emil Berliner 1898: John Wesley Hyatt 1898: André Blondel 1900: William Bell Wait 1901: Edward Goodrich Acheson 1901: Ralph Davenport Mershon 1901: John Henry Patterson 1902: Georges Claude 1902: Harry Ward Leonard 1904: Frederic Eugene Ives 1905: Arthur Wehnelt 1905: Frederic Eugene Ives 1906: John Browning 1907: Robert Williams Wood 1909: Charles Francis Jenkins 1910: Leo Baekeland 1910: Jesse Reno 1914: Arthur Atwater Kent 1914: Charles Édouard Guillaume 1916: Carl Akeley 1916: John Van Nostrand Dorr 1920: Hideyo Noguchi 1920: Charles Edward Kenneth Mees 1921: Marie Curie 1922: Reginald Fessenden 1922: Thomas Burr Osborne 1923: Joseph John Thomson 1923: Francis William Aston 1923: Christiaan Eijkman 1923: Arthur Louis Day 1924: Frederick Banting 1924: Elmer McCollum 1925: Ross Granville Harrison 1927: Francis Rous 1927: Herbert Eugene Ives 1928: Herbert McLean Evans 1929: Thomas Edison 1929: Lee De Forest 1929: Constantin Levaditi 1931: Guglielmo Marconi 1931: Willis Carrier 1931: Juan de La Cierva y Codorniu 1932: Joseph Slepian 1932: William Le Roy Emmet 1933: George Minot 1933: Frank Conrad 1934: Nikola Tesla 1936: James Ewing 1936: Charles Kettering 1937: Irving Langmuir 1937: William David Coolidge 1938: Wendell Meredith Stanley 1938: Edwin Land 1942: Edwin Armstrong 1942: Robert Runnels Williams 1943: Walter Dandy 1943: Vannevar Bush 1943: John Garand 1944: Alexander Fleming 1945: Robert Burns Woodward 1945: Ernest William Goodpasture 1946: Donald William Kerst 1949: Selman Waksman 1951: Roy Plunkett 1952: Glenn Theodore Seaborg 1952: Luis Walter Alvarez 1953: Eugene Houdry 1953: John Heysham Gibbon 1954: Igor Sikorsky 1954: John Bardeen 1954: Vincent du Vigneaud 1954: Walter Houser Brattain 1954: Marvin Camras 1955: Jesse Beams 1957: Jonas Salk 1957: Frank Whittle 1958: Renato Dulbecco 1958: Archer John Porter Martin 1959: Karl Paul Link 1959: John Randall 1959: Harry Boot 1960: Frederic Calland Williams 1960: Wallace Henry Coulter 1961: John Mauchly 1961: John Presper Eckert 1961: Edward Fred Knipling 1963: Charles Hard Townes 1963: Giulio Natta 1963: Oliver Howe Lowry 1964: Chester Carlson 1965: Howard Florey 1966: Jean Hoerni 1967: Paul Zoll 1967: Humberto Fernández-Morán 1968: Christopher Cockerell 1969: Christopher Polge 1969: Alastair Pilkington 1970: Erwin Wilhelm Müller 1970: Charles Ginsburg 1971: John Battiscombe Gunn 1971: Charles Stark Draper 1974: John Robinson Pierce 1974: Rudolf Kompfner 1974: John Charnley 1975: Nick Holonyak 1977: Godfrey Hounsfield 1978: Bruce Ames 1978: Alan Walsh 1979: Buckminster Fuller 1979: René Favaloro 1980: John Linvill 1981: James Black 1982: Leo Sternbach 1982: Jack Fishman 1983: Gordon Gould 1983: Willem Johan Kolff 1984: César Milstein 1984: Georges Köhler 1984: Harry George Drickamer 1986: Eugene Garfield 1989: Alan MacDiarmid 1989: Alan Heeger 1989: Martin Kamen 1990: Hilary Koprowski 1990: Orville Vogel 1991: Ruth Patrick 1992: Kary Mullis 1992: Britton Chance 1993: Richard Smalley 1995: John Mather 1995: Barry Marshall 1995: Joseph Hooton Taylor 1996: George Heilmeier 1997: Frank Albert Cotton 1997: Ralph Lawrence Brinster 1998: Baruch Blumberg 1998: Judah Folkman 1999: Benoît Mandelbrot 1999: Alfred George Knudson 2000: Ad Bax 2001: Barry Sharpless 2001: Vera Rubin 2002: Mario Capecchi 2002: Joseph DeSimone 2003: Daniel Hunt Janzen 2003: Bert Vogelstein 2004: Thomas Starzl 2004: Barry Trost 2005: JoAnne Stubbe 2005: Saul Perlmutter 2006: Franklin Arnold Davis 2006: Irving Weissman 2008: Susan Solomon 2009: Lucy Shapiro 2010: Christian James Lambertsen 2011: David Edmund Kuhl 2012: Paul Steinhardt 2013: Leslie Dutton 2013: N. Scott Adzick 2014: Leonard Hayflick 2016: Emmanuelle Charpentier 2016: Jennifer Doudna 2016: Feng Zhang 2016: Carl H. June 2017: Ruzena Bajcsy 2017: Warren Ewens 2017: Masatoshi Nei 2018: Bjarne Stroustrup 2018: James Edward Maceo West 2019: Emily Carter 2019: Charles Lewis Kane 2019: Eugene John Mele
Ligações externas The John Scott Award Recipients. From 1822 - present
Categoria:Prêmios por invenções Categoria:Prêmios estabelecidos em 1816