Прототип (шаблон)

Прототип (Prototype) е създаващ шаблон за дизайн, който се използва в обектно-ориентираното програмиране. Създава обекти с помощта на обект-прототип. Новите обекти се създават чрез клониране на прототипа, вместо с използване на конструктор.

Примери C# // Шаблон за прототип using System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace PrototypePattern { /// <summary> /// </summary> class MainApp { /// <summary> /// Главния стартиращ метод /// </summary> static void Main ()

ColorManager colormanager = new ColorManager (); // Инициализирай със стандартните цветове colormanager["red"] = new Color (255, 0, 0); colormanager["green"] = new Color (0, 255, 0); colormanager["blue"] = new Color (0, 0, 255); // Потребителят избира цветове според предпочитаниятаси colormanager["angry"] = new Color (255, 54, 0); colormanager["peace"] = new Color (128, 211, 128); colormanager["flame"] = new Color (211, 34, 20); // Потребителя клонира избраните цветове Color color1 = colormanager["red"].Clone () as Color; Color color2 = colormanager["peace"].Clone () as Color; Color color3 = colormanager["flame"].Clone () as Color; // Изчакай за удар от потребителя Console.ReadKey ();

/// <summary> /// Абстрактния клас от тип 'Prototype' /// </summary> abstract class ColorPrototype { public abstract ColorPrototype Clone (); } /// <summary> /// The 'ConcretePrototype' class /// </summary> class Color : ColorPrototype { private int _red; private int _green; private int _blue; // Constructor public Color (int red, int green, int blue)

this._red = red; this._green = green; this._blue = blue;

// Create a shallow copy public override ColorPrototype Clone ()

Console.WriteLine ( "Cloning color RGB: {0,3},{1,3},{2,3}", _red, _green, _blue); return this.MemberwiseClone () as ColorPrototype;

/// <summary> /// Prototype manager /// </summary> class ColorManager { private Dictionary<string, ColorPrototype> _colors = new Dictionary<string, ColorPrototype> (); // Indexer public ColorPrototype this[string key]

get { return _colors[key]; } set { _colors.Add (key, value); }

Java /** * Prototype Class */ abstract class PrototypeFactory implements Cloneable { public PrototypeFactory clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { // call Object.clone() PrototypeFactory copy = (PrototypeFactory) super.clone(); //In an actual implementation of this pattern you might now change references to //the expensive to produce parts from the copies that are held inside the prototype. return copy;

abstract void prototypeFactory(int x);

abstract void printValue(); }

/** * Concrete Prototypes to clone */ class PrototypeImpl extends PrototypeFactory { int x;

public PrototypeImpl(int x) { this.x = x;

@Override void prototypeFactory(int x) { this.x = x;

public void printValue() { System.out.println("Value :" + x);

/** * Client Class */ public class PrototypeExample {

private PrototypeFactory example; // Could have been a private Cloneable example.

public PrototypeExample(PrototypeFactory example) { this.example = example;

public PrototypeFactory makeCopy() throws CloneNotSupportedException { return this.example.clone();

public static void main(String args[]) { try { PrototypeFactory tempExample = null; int num = 1000; PrototypeFactory prot = new PrototypeImpl(1000); PrototypeExample cm = new PrototypeExample(prot); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { tempExample = cm.makeCopy(); tempExample.prototypeFactory(i * num); tempExample.printValue();

} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { e.printStackTrace();

Категория:Шаблони за софтуерен дизайн